Atmospheric response to the North Atlantic Ocean variability on seasonal to decadal time scales   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Guillaume Gastineau  Fabio D’Andrea  Claude Frankignoul 《Climate Dynamics》2013,40(9-10):2311-2330

The NCEP twentieth century reanalyis and a 500-year control simulation with the IPSL-CM5 climate model are used to assess the influence of ocean-atmosphere coupling in the North Atlantic region at seasonal to decadal time scales. At the seasonal scale, the air-sea interaction patterns are similar in the model and observations. In both, a statistically significant summer sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly with a horseshoe shape leads an atmospheric signal that resembles the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) during the winter. The air-sea interactions in the model thus seem realistic, although the amplitude of the atmospheric signal is half that observed, and it is detected throughout the cold season, while it is significant only in late fall and early winter in the observations. In both model and observations, the North Atlantic horseshoe SST anomaly pattern is in part generated by the spring and summer internal atmospheric variability. In the model, the influence of the ocean dynamics can be assessed and is found to contribute to the SST anomaly, in particular at the decadal scale. Indeed, the North Atlantic SST anomalies that follow an intensification of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) by about 9 years, or an intensification of a clockwise intergyre gyre in the Atlantic Ocean by 6 years, resemble the horseshoe pattern, and are also similar to the model Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). As the AMOC is shown to have a significant impact on the winter NAO, most strongly when it leads by 9 years, the decadal interactions in the model are consistent with the seasonal analysis. In the observations, there is also a strong correlation between the AMO and the SST horseshoe pattern that influences the NAO. The analogy with the coupled model suggests that the natural variability of the AMOC and the gyre circulation might influence the climate of the North Atlantic region at the decadal scale.  相似文献   

Hazard Evaluation in Valpara��so: the MAR VASTO Project     

Maurizio Indirli  Hoby Razafindrakoto  Fabio Romanelli  Claudio Puglisi  Luca Lanzoni  Enrico Milani  Marco Munari  Sotero Apablaza 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2011,168(3-4):543-582

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The impact of groundwater on the excavation of tunnels in two different hydrogeological settings in central Italy     

Ugo Chiocchini  Fabio Castaldi 《Hydrogeology Journal》2011,19(3):651-669

To double the capacity of the Orte?CFalconara railway line (central Italy), the Santa Croce tunnel was constructed (1985?C1995), which runs between the Nera Montoro and Narni stations. In the same period, to double the capacity of the Ancona?CBari railway line, the Moro, Cintioni, S. Giovanni and Diavolo tunnels were constructed between the Ortona and Casalbordino stations. The high likelihood of intercepting a significant volume of groundwater in calcareous rocks of the Santa Croce tunnel led to a shift in the layout of the tunnel, which allowed construction of the tunnel by more rapid and less expensive means. Groundwater along the Moro tunnel layout, in a sandy aquifer, has been drained by the excavation of a preliminary tunnel, which allowed a discharge of up to 0.080?m³/s. In the S. Giovanni and Diavolo tunnels, a particular hydrogeological setting was found to exist in the form of lens-shaped bodies of fine grey sand-and-silt aquitards intercalated between the bottom muddy-sandy deposits (very low permeability) and the sandy aquifer; this caused sudden groundwater inflow and tunnel collapse. The S. Giovanni tunnnel, excavation was completed using the HydroShield system, whereas in the Diavolo tunnel, a well-point system was adopted, which avoided any environmental hazards.  相似文献   

Induced polarization,resistivity, and self-potential: a case history of contamination evaluation due to landfill leakage   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

José Domingos Faraco Gallas  Fabio Taioli  Walter Malagutti Filho 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(2):251-261

This article compares the efficiency of induced polarization (IP) and resistivity in characterizing a contamination plume due to landfill leakage in a typical tropical environment. The resistivity survey revealed denser electrical current flow that induced lower resistivity values due to the high ionic content. The increased ionic concentration diminished the distance of the ionic charges close to the membrane, causing a decrease in the IP phenomena. In addition, the self-potential (SP) method was used to characterize the preferential flow direction of the area. The SP method proved to be effective at determining the flow direction; it is also fast and economical. In this study, the resistivity results were better correlated with the presence of contamination (lower resistivity) than the IP (lower chargeability) data.  相似文献   

Tall building performance‐based seismic design using SCEC broadband platform site‐specific ground motion simulations     

Kuanshi Zhong  Ting Lin  Gregory G. Deierlein  Robert W. Graves  Fabio Silva  Nicolas Luco 《地震工程与结构动力学》2021,50(1):81-98

The scarcity of strong ground motion records presents a challenge for making reliable performance assessments of tall buildings whose seismic design is controlled by large‐magnitude and close‐distance earthquakes. This challenge can be addressed using broadband ground‐motion simulation methods to generate records with site‐specific characteristics of large‐magnitude events. In this paper, simulated site‐specific earthquake seismograms, developed through a related project that was organized through the Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) Ground Motion Simulation Validation (GMSV) Technical Activity Group, are used for nonlinear response history analyses of two archetype tall buildings for sites in San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Bernardino. The SCEC GMSV team created the seismograms using the Broadband Platform (BBP) simulations for five site‐specific earthquake scenarios. The two buildings are evaluated using nonlinear dynamic analyses under comparable record suites selected from the simulated BBP catalog and recorded motions from the NGA‐West database. The collapse risks and structural response demands (maximum story drift ratio, peak floor acceleration, and maximum story shear) under the BBP and NGA suites are compared. In general, this study finds that use of the BBP simulations resolves concerns about estimation biases in structural response analysis which are caused by ground motion scaling, unrealistic spectral shapes, and overconservative spectral variations. While there are remaining concerns that strong coherence in some kinematic fault rupture models may lead to an overestimation of velocity pulse effects in the BBP simulations, the simulations are shown to generally yield realistic pulse‐like features of near‐fault ground motion records.  相似文献   

Integration of EO-based vulnerability estimation into EO-based seismic damage assessment: a case study on L’Aquila, Italy, 2009 earthquake     

Fabio Dell’Acqua  Igor Lanese  Diego Aldo Polli 《Natural Hazards》2013,68(1):165-180

Remote sensing is proving very useful for identifying damage and planning support activities after an earthquake has stricken. Radar sensors increasingly show their value as a tool for damage detection, due to their shape-sensitiveness, their extreme versatility and operability, all weather conditions. The previous work of our research group, conducted on 1-m resolution spotlight images produced by COSMO-SkyMed, has led to the discovery of a link between some selected texture measures, computed on radar maps over single blocks of an urban area, and the damage found in these neighbourhoods. Texture-to-damage correlation was used to develop a SAR-based damage assessment method, but significant residual within-class variability makes estimations sometimes unreliable. Among the possible remedies, the injection of physical vulnerability data into the model was suggested. The idea here is to do so while keeping all the sources of data in the EO domain, by estimating physical vulnerability from the observation of high-resolution optical data on the area of interest. Although preliminary results seem to suggest that no significant improvement can be directly obtained on classification accuracy, there appears to be some link between estimated damage and estimated accuracy on which to build a more refined version of the damage estimator.  相似文献   

The consequences of Brazil’s lack of transport planning is written in the blood of sparrows     

Fabio Angeoletto  Deleon da Silva Leandro  Mark D. E. Fellowes 《Urban geography》2013,34(8):1191-1197

The medium-sized cities of Brazil are those with populations of between 100,000 and 500,000 inhabitants. These cities are growing rapidly, and are characterized by poor urban planning, a loss of biodiversity and decreasing health prospects for residents. Historically, urbanization in Brazil has been associated with incentives to increase the use of private vehicles for local transport. The air pollution resulting from this “car dependency” has been quantified in some major cities in Brazil, such as the megacity of São Paulo. In this paper, we demonstrate through a bioindication study carried out in the Brazilian city of Rondonópolis, that atmospheric pollution resulting from vehicular emissions is also a measurable reality for medium-sized cities. Most Brazilian cities lack air quality measurement equipment, and we used an inexpensive and easy to apply bioindication assay to measure air pollution, and this approach could be easily implemented in those cities and beyond.  相似文献   

Photospheric Abundance Peculiarities in RS CVn Binaries     

Thierry Morel  Giuseppina Micela  Fabio Favata 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2006,301(1-4):185-187

It is shown that Kantowski–Sachs cosmological models do not exist in Rosen's (1973) bimetric theory of gravitation when the source of gravitation is either perfect fluid or cosmic string. Hence, the vacuum model is constructed.  相似文献   

The effect of stellar feedback and quasar winds on the active galactic nucleus population     

Fabio Fontanot  Pierluigi Monaco  Stefano Cristiani  Paolo Tozzi 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,373(3):1173-1187

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The European Large Area ISO Survey – IX. The 90-μm luminosity function from the Final Analysis sample     

Stephen Serjeant †  Alberto Carramiñana †  Eduardo Gonzáles-Solares  Phillipe Héraudeau  Raúl Mújica †  Ismael Perez-Fournon  Nicola Sedgwick †  Michael Rowan-Robinson  Alberto Franceschini  Thomas Babbedge  Carlos del Burgo  Paolo Ciliegi  reas Efstathiou  Fabio La Franca  Carlotta Gruppioni  David Hughes  Carlo Lari  Seb Oliver  Francesca Pozzi  Manfred Stickel  Mattia Vaccari 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,355(3):813-818

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